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==Internet service== === Comcast Internet availability by state === [[File:Comcast Internet Availability Map.png|thumb|Comcast availability map by ZIP Code]] {| class= "wikitable sortable" |- ! State !! Overall potential coverage area<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.highspeedinternet.com/providers/comcast|title=Comcast availability by state|publisher=HighSpeedInternet.com|access-date=August 26, 2016}}</ref> |- | [[District of Columbia]] || 97.9% |- | [[Massachusetts]] || 85.4% |- | [[Utah]] || 78.5% |- | [[Illinois]] || 75.9% |- | [[Colorado]] || 75.9% |- | [[Washington (state)|Washington]] || 73.1% |- | [[Pennsylvania]] || 69.1% |- | [[Maryland]] || 69% |- | [[New Hampshire]] || 68.8% |- | [[New Jersey]] || {{N/A}} |- | [[Michigan]] || 60.3% |- | [[Missouri]] || {{N/A}} |- | [[Oregon]] || 57.9% |- | [[Indiana]] || 57.7% |- | [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] || 56.4% |- | [[Tennessee]] || 56.0% |- | [[New Mexico]] || 55.4% |- | [[Florida]] || 52.7% |- | [[Connecticut]] || 50.6% |- | [[Minnesota]] || 45.6% |- | [[Virginia]] || 41.5% |- | [[Mississippi]] || 31.9% |- | [[California]] || 31.8% |- | [[Delaware]] || {{N/A}} |} Comcast is the largest provider of [[cable internet access]] in the United States, servicing 40% of the market in 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.leichtmanresearch.com/press/031412release.html|title=3 MILLION ADDED BROADBAND FROM TOP CABLE AND TELEPHONE COMPANIES IN 2011|publisher=Leichtman Research Group|date=March 16, 2012|access-date=March 10, 2014}}</ref> As of July 26, 2018, Comcast has 26.5 million high-speed internet customers.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://seekingalpha.com/news/3374316-comcast-plus-3_6-percent-internet-subs-spur-healthy-profit | title=Comcast +3.6% as Internet subs spur healthy profit| date=July 26, 2018}}</ref> Comcast began offering internet services in late 1996, when it helped found the [[@Home Network]], which sold internet service through Comcast's cable lines. The agreement continued after @Home's merger with [[Excite (web portal)|Excite]].<ref name="@Home">{{cite web|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/2000/03/30/comcast-cox-extend-excitehome-deal-cable-companies-follow-at-add-access-year/|title=Comcast, Cox extend Excite@Home deal|work=The Baltimore Sun|author=BLOOMBERG NEWS|date=March 30, 2000|access-date=February 19, 2014}}</ref> When the combined company Excite@Home filed for bankruptcy in 2002, Comcast moved their roughly 950,000 internet customers completely onto their own network.<ref name="@HomeMerge">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/01/04/business/technology-comcast-copes-with-internet-problems.html|title=TECHNOLOGY; Comcast Copes With Internet Problems |work=[[The New York Times]]|author=MATT RICHTEL|date=January 4, 2002|access-date=February 19, 2014}}</ref> Along with the price of internet subscriptions, Comcast charges users an additional $15.00/month to rent a [[cable modem]].<ref name=MergeProblem>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/elements/2014/02/the-real-problem-with-the-comcast-merger.html|title=The Real Problem with the Comcast Merger|magazine=The New Yorker|author=Tim Wu|date=February 14, 2014|access-date=February 17, 2014}}</ref> This fee has been seen by some as unfair,<ref name=MergeProblem /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://techcrunch.com/2009/09/16/comcast-to-rape-subs-even-more-by-raising-cable-modem-rental-fee-to-5-nationwide/|title=Comcast to (likely) fill its coffers by raising the cable modem rental fee|publisher=TechCrunch|author=Matt Burns|date=September 16, 2009|access-date=February 17, 2014}}</ref> but is waived for customers who buy their own modems.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailyfinance.com/2009/09/21/beat-the-comcast-cable-modem-price-hikes-by-your-own/|title=Beat the Comcast cable modem price hikes -- buy your own|publisher=Daily Finance|author=Josh Smith|date=September 21, 2009|access-date=February 17, 2014}}</ref> Comcast charges $20 for internet installation,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://members.jacksonville.com/business/2011-12-06/story/comcast-hike-prices-communication-packages-lower-installation-costs|title=Comcast to hike prices in communication packages, lower installation costs|publisher=The Florida Times-Union|author=Drew Dixon |date=December 6, 2011|access-date=February 20, 2014}}</ref> but the fee is waived for customers who opt to install themselves.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20110509006395/en/Comcast-Introduces-Triple-Play-Self-Install-Kit|title=Comcast Introduces New Triple Play Self-Install Kit|publisher=Business Wire|date=May 9, 2011|access-date=February 20, 2014}}</ref> In 2011, Comcast launched its "Internet Essentials" program, which offers low-cost internet service to families with children who qualify for free or reduced price school lunches. The [[U.S. Federal Communications Commission]] (FCC) required this budget service as a condition for allowing Comcast's acquisition of [[NBCUniversal]] in January 2011.<ref name=PCMagLaunch>{{cite web|url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2390592,00.asp|title=Comcast Launches Low-Cost Internet for Low-Income Families|publisher=PC Magazine|author=David Murphy|date=August 7, 2011|access-date=February 14, 2014}}</ref> Of an estimated 2.60 million households eligible for the program, about 220,000 households participate in the program as of June 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://corporate.comcast.com/images/MB-10-56-C-NBCU-Annual-Compliance-Report-2013-2014-02-28.pdf|title=SECOND ANNUAL COMPLIANCE REPORT ON INTERNET ESSENTIALS(pp 10)|publisher=Comcast|date=July 31, 2013|access-date=March 19, 2014|archive-date=June 30, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140630122337/http://corporate.comcast.com/images/MB-10-56-C-NBCU-Annual-Compliance-Report-2013-2014-02-28.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://business.time.com/2012/09/20/why-arent-more-families-signing-up-for-cheap-internet-service/|title=Why Aren't More Families Signing Up for Cheap Internet Service?|publisher=Time|author=Brad Tuttle|date=September 20, 2012|access-date=March 5, 2014}}</ref><ref name=NYT012013>{{cite news|title=Mixed Response to Comcast in Expanding Net Access|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/21/business/media/comcast-internet-essentials-brings-access-to-low-income-homes.html|access-date=January 21, 2013|newspaper=The New York Times|date=January 20, 2013|last=Chozick |first=Amy}}</ref> A similar program is available from other internet providers through the non-profit Connect2compete.org.<ref name=NYT012013 /><ref name = c2c >[http://www.connect2compete.org/ Homepage connect2compete.org] accessed January 21, 2013</ref> Comcast has stated that the program will accept new customers for a total of three years.<ref name=PCMagLaunch /> In March 2014, as he met with FCC concerning the Time Warner Cable merger, Comcast vice president David Cohen told reporters that the internet essentials program will be extended indefinitely.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-03-04/comcast-pledges-low-cost-web-as-it-meets-on-time-warner.html|title=Comcast Pledges Low-Cost Web as It Meets on Time Warner|publisher=Bloomberg L.P.|author=Todd Shields|date=March 4, 2014|access-date=March 5, 2014}}</ref> At the 2017 Consumer Electronics Show, Comcast unveiled a new software platform for its Arris 1682G and Cisco 3941T/3939 modems, which would offer a redesigned configuration interface, support for remote setup and management via an Xfinity mobile app, and enabling integration of supported [[smart home]] devices with other Xfinity platforms such as Xfinity TV. The new platform launched under the brand xFi in May 2017. Comcast also unveiled the xFi Advanced Gateway, a new router designed to facilitate faster Wi-Fi speeds, including support for [[802.11ac]] Wave 2, as well as internal support for [[Bluetooth Low Energy]], [[Thread (network protocol)|Thread]], and [[Zigbee]] for finer integration with [[Internet of things]] devices, and support for an accompanying line of [[Wi-Fi extender]]s (manufactured by Plume).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.engadget.com/2017/12/06/comcast-xfi-advanced-gateway-available/|title=Comcast's xFi Advanced Gateway modem is now available nationwide|work=Engadget|access-date=May 23, 2018|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2017/5/8/15578424/comcast-xfi-app-router-announce|title=Comcast is trying to get in on the mesh router hype|work=The Verge|access-date=May 23, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/comcast-launches-xfinity-xfi/|title=Comcast launches Xfinity xFi, turning gateways into Wi-Fi systems|date=May 7, 2017|work=CNET|access-date=May 23, 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/ces-2017-watch-out-wi-fi-systems-comcast-is-transforming-its-xfinity-gateway-to-a-smart-digital-home/|title=Watch out, Wi-Fi systems! Comcast is transforming its Xfinity gateway to a smart digital home platform|date=January 4, 2017|work=CNET|access-date=May 23, 2018|language=en}}</ref> In December 2022, Comcast announced that it had trialed symmetric, 10-gigabit service using [[DOCSIS]] 4.0; this service was deployed for selected Gigabit Pro fiber business customers in June 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vasani |first=Sheena |date=2022-12-12 |title=Comcast’s symmetrical multi-gigabit internet test is a preview of next year’s ‘10G’ rollout |url=https://www.theverge.com/2022/12/12/23505779/comcast-multi-gigabit-10g-docsis-40-cable-fiber-isp |access-date=2024-10-09 |website=The Verge |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Goovaerts |first=Diana |date=2023-06-14 |title=Comcast debuts symmetrical 10-gig fiber broadband tier |url=https://www.fierce-network.com/broadband/comcast-debuts-symmetrical-10-gig-fiber-broadband-tier |access-date=2024-10-09 |website=www.fierce-network.com |language=en}}</ref> ===Xfinity WiFi=== Comcast operates a network of public Wi-Fi hotspots for Xfinity internet subscribers known as Xfinity WiFi, which consists of a mixture of hotspots installed in public locations and businesses, and those generated by supported Xfinity home gateways on an opt-out basis. Users on the "Performance" tier or higher receive unlimited usage of these hotspots after signing in with their Xfinity Account. By default, all dual-band Xfinity home gateways operate both a private network, and a public network with the [[SSID]] "xfinitywifi". To conserve bandwidth, these hotspots are capped at 5 simultaneous users. Customers can opt out of providing Xfinity WiFi through either the Comcast website, or by installing a third-party router.<ref name="extech-wifi">{{cite web|title=Report: Comcast's public Xfinity WiFi program actually costs you money|url=https://www.extremetech.com/computing/185560-new-report-illustrates-how-comcasts-public-xfinity-wifi-program-actually-costs-you-money|website=ExtremeTech|access-date=April 6, 2017}}</ref><ref name="pcw-wifi">{{cite web|title=To Xfinity WiFi we're all hotspots, but you don't have to be|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/2363389/to-xfinity-wifi-were-all-hotspots-but-you-dont-have-to-be.html|website=PC World|access-date=April 6, 2017|date=July 2, 2014}}</ref> Comcast has received criticism for this practice, with critics arguing that the company was abusing customer resources (including bandwidth and electricity) to provide services for other customers, as well as concerns regarding security, and liability for actions performed by users while connected to these home hotspots; in 2014, a proposed class action lawsuit was filed in California, citing violations of the [[Computer Fraud and Abuse Act]] and similar state laws for these reasons. Comcast defended the service by stating that the public Wi-Fi is firewalled from devices connected to the in-home network, was designed to have minimal bandwidth impact to "support robust usage", and that customers would not be liable for the actions of other users, as abusers can be traced by means of the Xfinity account they used to sign into the network.<ref name="computerworld-">{{cite web|title=Comcast XFINITY WiFi: Just say no|url=http://www.computerworld.com/article/2476444/mobile-security/mobile-security-comcast-xfinity-wifi-just-say-no.html|website=Computerworld|access-date=April 6, 2017|date=June 28, 2014}}</ref><ref name="ars-wifilawsuit">{{cite web|title=Comcast sued by customers for turning routers into public hotspots|url=https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2014/12/comcast-sued-by-customers-for-turning-routers-into-public-hotspots/|website=Ars Technica|date=December 9, 2014 |access-date=April 6, 2017}}</ref> The lawsuit was taken to arbitration.<ref name="slate-homespot">{{cite web|title=It's Totally Possible That Your Router Is Broadcasting Public Wi-Fi Right Now|url=http://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2016/01/28/juniper_research_1_in_3_home_routers_will_also_produce_public_wifi_hotspots.html|website=Slate|access-date=April 6, 2017|date=January 28, 2016}}</ref> In the wake of [[Hurricane Irma]], all Xfinity WiFi hotspots in Florida were opened to non-Comcast subscribers.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/news/weather/hurricane/article171585397.html|title=Comcast opens its 137,000 Xfinity WiFi hotspots in Florida for all to use for free|work=Miami Herald|access-date=September 7, 2017|language=en}}</ref> ===Data cap=== Initially, Comcast had a policy of terminating broadband customers who use "excessive bandwidth", a term the company refused to define in its terms of service, which once said only that a customer's use should not "represent (in the sole judgment of Comcast) an overly large burden on the network".<ref name="tos">[http://www.comcast.net/terms/use/ Comcast, "Comcast High-Speed Internet Acceptable Use Policy"]. Comcast.net. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.</ref> Company responses to press inquiries suggested a limit of several hundred gigabytes per month.<ref>Carolyn Y. Johnson, [http://www.boston.com/business/personaltech/articles/2007/03/12/not_so_fast_broadband_providers_tell_big_users/ "Not so fast, broadband providers tell big users"], ''[[The Boston Globe]]''</ref><ref name="nyt">[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/14/technology/14online.html "Say Good Night, Bandwidth Hog"], ''[[The New York Times]]''</ref> In September 2007, Comcast spokesman Charlie Douglas said the company defined "excessive use" as the equivalent of 30,000 songs, 250,000 pictures or 13 million emails in a month.<ref name="gamedaily">{{cite web| url=http://www.gamedaily.com/articles/news/comcast-clarifies-high-speed-extreme-use-policy/18014/ | title=Comcast Clarifies High Speed Extreme Use Policy, September 14, 2007 | access-date=December 1, 2007 }}</ref> Comcast introduced a 250 GB monthly [[bandwidth cap]] to its broadband service on October 1, 2008,<ref>[http://www.broadbandreports.com/shownews/Comcast-250GB-Monthly-Cap-Goes-Live-October-1-97294 Comcast 250GB Cap Goes Live October 1]. Broadbandreports.com (August 28, 2008). Retrieved on July 8, 2011.</ref> combining both upload and download towards the monthly limit. If a user exceeded the cap three times within six months, the customer's residential services may have been terminated for one year.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://help.comcast.net/content/faq/Frequently-Asked-Questions-about-Excessive-Use |website=Comcast.net |title=Frequently Asked Questions about Excessive Use |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303160240/http://help.comcast.net/content/faq/Frequently-Asked-Questions-about-Excessive-Use |archive-date=March 3, 2009 |date=October 1, 2008 |access-date=July 8, 2011}}</ref> A spokesperson stated that this policy had been in place for some time, but was the first time Comcast has announced a specific usage limit.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2329170,00.asp|title=Comcast to Cap Data Transfers at 250 GB in Oct.|work=PC Magazine|author=Chloe Albanesius|date=August 28, 2008|access-date=February 20, 2014}}</ref> As the cap provoked a strongly negative reaction from some,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-13512_3-10031116-23.html|title=Comcast's usage cap: Is the sky really falling?|publisher=Cnet|author=Peter Glaskowsky|date=September 3, 2008|access-date=February 20, 2014}}</ref> Comcast decided to modify its policy in 2012. Under the new system, the cap was replaced with a data threshold and increased to 300GB in some markets, and consumers who exceed this threshold are charged $10 for every 50 GB above the limit.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2012/05/comcast-raises-data-cap/|title=Comcast Suspends Data Cap Temporarily, Will Test New Overage Fees|magazine=Wired|author=Ryan Singel|date=May 17, 2012 |access-date=February 20, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-57436489-93/comcast-ditches-250gb-data-cap-tests-tiered-pricing/|title=Comcast ditches 250GB data cap, tests tiered pricing |publisher=Cnet |author=Marguerite Reardon|date=May 17, 2012|access-date=February 20, 2014}}</ref><ref name="verge-leakedmemo"/> Customers could purchase a $30 add-on for "unlimited" data.<ref name="verge-1tbcap"/> In a leaked memo, Comcast employees were instructed to state that the policy is for "Fairness and providing a more flexible policy to our customers", and not for controlling network congestion.<ref name="verge-leakedmemo">{{cite web |title=Leaked Comcast memo reportedly admits data caps aren't about improving network performance |author=Dante D'Orazio |date=November 7, 2015 |url=https://www.theverge.com/smart-home/2015/11/7/9687976/comcast-data-caps-are-not-about-fixing-network-congestion |website=The Verge |access-date=October 7, 2016}}</ref> On April 27, 2016, Comcast announced that it would raise its data threshold in trial markets to 1 TB by June 2016; the company stated that "more than 99 percent of our customers do not come close to using a terabyte." The decision to raise the cap came following implication of increased scrutiny surrounding them by the FCC: in its approval of [[Charter Communications]]' purchase of [[Time Warner Cable]], the Commission stipulated that Charter must not implement caps. As previously, a $10 overage fee is charged for every 50 GB above the limit, and customers can purchase an add-on for "unlimited" data, but its price was increased to $50.<ref name="verge-1tbcap">{{cite web|title=Comcast is raising its monthly internet data cap to 1TB|url=https://www.theverge.com/2016/4/27/11521566/comcast-data-cap-raised-1-tb-limit|website=The Verge|publisher=Vox Media|access-date=April 28, 2016|date=April 27, 2016}}</ref> In October 2016, Comcast announced that bandwidth thresholds would be implemented in the majority of its markets (outside of New York and the northeast) beginning November 1, 2016.<ref name="verge-mostcustomers">{{cite web|title=Most Comcast customers now have a 1TB home internet data threshold|url=https://www.theverge.com/2016/10/6/13192832/comcast-xfinity-home-internet-data-caps-one-terabyte|website=The Verge|access-date=October 7, 2016|date=October 6, 2016}}</ref> The data usage plan does not currently apply to the Gigabit Pro tier of service, Business Internet customers, customers on Bulk Internet agreements, and customers with Prepaid Internet.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dataplan.xfinity.com/faq/|title=XFINITY Data Usage Center - FAQ|website=Dataplan.xfinity.com|access-date=December 7, 2016}}</ref> On November 23, 2020, Comcast announced a new 1.2TB data cap will be implemented for all of the remaining areas in the northeast by March 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2020/11/23/21591420/comcast-cap-data-1-2tb-home-users-internet-xfinity|title=Comcast to impose home internet data cap of 1.2TB in more than a dozen US states next year|first=Kim|last=Lyons|date=November 23, 2020|website=The Verge}}</ref> However, it was postponed due to pressure from the Pennsylvanian attorney general due to concerns on how it would impact customers, especially for those working at home during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/02/03/comcast-suspends-data-caps/ |title=Comcast suspends Internet data limits, fees for Northeast customers |last=Romm |first=Tom |date=February 3, 2021 |website= www.washingtonpost.com|access-date=September 5, 2021}}</ref> ===Network management and peering=== In September 2007, a rumor emerged among tech blogs that Comcast was throttling or even blocking internet traffic transmitted via the [[BitTorrent protocol]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://torrentfreak.com/comcast-throttles-bittorrent-traffic-seeding-impossible/|title=Comcast Throttles BitTorrent Traffic, Seeding Impossible|publisher=TorrentFreak|author=Ernesto|date=August 17, 2007|access-date=February 25, 2014}}</ref> Comcast vehemently denied the accusations of blocking traffic, stating that "Comcast does not, has not, and will not block any Web sites or online applications, including peer-to-peer services", and that "We engage in reasonable network management".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.internetnews.com/bus-news/article.php/3708751/Comcast+Again+Denies+P2P+Throttling.htm|title=Comcast Again Denies P2P Throttling|publisher=Internet News|author= Andy Patrizio|date=November 2, 2007|access-date=February 25, 2014}}</ref> After more widespread confirmation that Comcast was throttling BitTorrent traffic,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna21376597|title=Comcast Blocks Some Internet Traffic|author=Peter Svensson|website=[[NBC News]]|date=November 19, 2007|access-date=February 25, 2014}}</ref> Comcast said it occasionally delayed BitTorrent traffic in order to speed up other kinds of data, but declined to go into specifics.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/10/22/comcast-were-delaying-not-blocking-bittorrent-traffic/comment-page-3/|title=Comcast: We're Delaying, Not Blocking, BitTorrent Traffic|publisher=New York Times Bits|author=BRAD STONE|date=October 22, 2007|access-date=February 25, 2014}}</ref> Following the announcement of an official investigation by the FCC,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2008/01/fcc-to-investigate-comcast-bittorrent-blocking/|title=FCC to investigate Comcast BitTorrent blocking|publisher=ArsTechnica|author=Ryan Paul|date=January 9, 2008|access-date=February 25, 2014}}</ref> Comcast voluntarily ended the traffic discrimination.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2008/03/27/comcast-and-bittorrent-enemies-become-netneutral-friends.html|title=Comcast and BitTorrent: Enemies Become "Net-Neutral" Friends|publisher=CNBC|author=Julia Boorstin|date=March 27, 2008|access-date=February 25, 2014}}</ref> The FCC investigation concluded that Comcast's throttling policies were illegal.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-13578_3-10004508-38.html#!|title=FCC formally rules Comcast's throttling of BitTorrent was illegal|publisher=Cnet|author=Declan McCullagh|date=August 1, 2008|access-date=February 25, 2014}}</ref> However, after filing a lawsuit in September 2008,<ref>[http://www.multichannel.com/content/comcast-sues-fcc-over-network-management-finding Comcast sues FCC over network management finding]. Multichannel.com. Retrieved on February 9, 2013.</ref> Comcast overturned the illegality of its network management in 2010, as the court ruled that the FCC lacked the authority to enforce net neutrality under the FCC's then current regulatory policy. The court suggested instead of its current framework, the FCC move to a [[common carrier]] structure to justify its enforcement.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-13578_3-20001825-38.html|title=Court: FCC has no power to regulate Net neutrality|publisher=Cnet|author=Declan McCullagh|date=April 6, 2010|access-date=February 25, 2014}}</ref> As of February 2014, the FCC has announced a new justification,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/20/business/fcc-to-propose-new-rules-on-open-internet.html|title=F.C.C. Seeks a New Path on 'Net Neutrality' Rules|work=[[The New York Times]]|author=EDWARD WYATT|date=February 19, 2014|access-date=February 25, 2014}}</ref> but avoided the more extensive regulation required by the common carrier framework.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2014/2/19/5425808/fcc-chair-announces-plan-for-new-net-neutrality-rules|title=The FCC has a plan to save net neutrality, but no one likes it|publisher=TheVerge|author=Adi Robertson|date=February 19, 2014|access-date=February 25, 2014}}</ref> In 2010, [[Netflix]] signed an agreement with [[Level 3 Communications]] to carry its data. Shortly after, Level 3 entered a heated dispute concerning whether Level 3 would have to pay Comcast to bridge their respective networks, in an agreement known as [[peering]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gigaom.com/2010/11/29/level-3-comcast-in-a-cat-fight-over-online-video/|title=Level 3, Comcast in a Cat Fight Over Online Video|publisher=Gigaom|author=Stacey Higginbotham|date=November 29, 2010|access-date=February 25, 2014}}</ref> The disagreement continued as Netflix's current carrier, [[Cogent Communications]], explicitly placed blame for Netflix bottlenecks on Comcast and several other ISPs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.engadget.com/2014/02/21/netflix-cogent-verizon/|title=Netflix's internet provider claims Verizon, Comcast and Time Warner are causing streaming bottlenecks (update)|publisher=Endgadget|author=Ben Gilbert |date=February 21, 2014|access-date=February 25, 2014}}</ref> In February 2014, after rumors surfaced that Comcast and Netflix had reached an unspecified agreement,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gigaom.com/2014/02/21/comcast-netflix-peering/|title=Sources: Netflix and Comcast have reached a peering agreement|publisher=Gigaom|author=Stacey Higginbotham|date=February 21, 2014|access-date=February 25, 2014}}</ref> the companies confirmed that Netflix was paying Comcast to connect to its network.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/cotown/la-fi-ct-netflix-comcast-20140224,0,1476262.story|title=Netflix to pay Comcast for smoother online video streaming |newspaper=LA Times|author=Dawn C. Chmielewski|date=February 23, 2014|access-date=February 25, 2014}}</ref> The details of the agreement are not public,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://business.time.com/2014/02/23/comcast-netflix-deal/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140224021332/http://business.time.com/2014/02/23/comcast-netflix-deal/|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 24, 2014|title=Comcast's Traffic Pact With Netflix Is Shrouded in Secrecy|publisher=Time|author=Sam Gustin |date=February 23, 2014|access-date=February 27, 2014}}</ref> and speculation disagrees about whether the agreement is a precedent against [[net neutrality]], or a continuation of normal peering agreements.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2014-02-24/netflixs-deal-with-comcast-isnt-about-net-neutrality-except-that-it-is|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140225151942/http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2014-02-24/netflixs-deal-with-comcast-isnt-about-net-neutrality-except-that-it-is|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 25, 2014|title=Netflix's Deal With Comcast Isn't About Net Neutrality—Except That It Is|publisher=Bloomberg L.P.|author=Joshua Brustein|date=February 24, 2014|access-date=February 27, 2014}}</ref>
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