Editing Harvard University (section)

=== Alumni ===
{{Further|List of Harvard University people|List of Harvard University non-graduate alumni|List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation}}
Since its founding nearly four centuries ago, Harvard alumni have distinguished themselves in academia, activism, arts, athletics, business, entrepreneurship, government, international affairs, journalism, media, music, non-profit organizations, politics, public policy, science, technology, writing, and other industries and fields.

Among the world's universities and colleges, Harvard has the most [[List of presidents of the United States by education|U.S. presidents]] (eight), [[List of universities by number of billionaire alumni|living billionaires]] (188), [[List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation|Nobel]] laureates (162), [[Pulitzer Prize]] winners (48), [[Fields Medal]] recipients (seven), [[Marshall Scholarship|Marshall scholars]] (252), and [[Rhodes Scholarship|Rhodes Scholars]] (369) among its alumni. Harvard alumni also include nine [[Turing Award]] laureates, ten [[Academy Awards]] winners, and [[List of American universities with Olympic medalist students and alumni|108 Olympic medalists]], including 46 gold medal winners.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Siliezar |first=Juan |date=November 23, 2020 |title=2020 Rhodes, Mitchell Scholars named |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/11/harvard-students-alum-awarded-rhodes-mitchell-scholarships/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124113104/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/11/harvard-students-alum-awarded-rhodes-mitchell-scholarships/ |archive-date=November 24, 2020 |access-date=November 25, 2020 |website=harvard.edu}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Communications |first=FAS |date=November 24, 2019 |title=Five Harvard students named Rhodes Scholars |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2019/11/five-harvard-students-named-american-rhodes-scholars/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128055252/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2019/11/five-harvard-students-named-american-rhodes-scholars/ |archive-date=November 28, 2019 |access-date=November 24, 2019 |website=The Harvard Gazette}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Kathleen Elkins |date=May 18, 2018 |title=More billionaires went to Harvard than to Stanford, MIT and Yale combined |language=en-US |work=[[CNBC]] |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/05/18/the-universities-that-produce-the-most-billionaires.html |url-status=live |access-date=October 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180522013005/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/05/18/the-universities-that-produce-the-most-billionaires.html |archive-date=May 22, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Statistics |url=http://www.marshallscholarship.org/about/statistics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126211334/http://www.marshallscholarship.org/about/statistics |archive-date=January 26, 2017 |access-date=December 1, 2015 |website=www.marshallscholarship.org |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Pulitzer Prize Winners |url=https://www.harvard.edu/about-harvard/harvard-glance/honors/pulitzer-prize-winners |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905090033/https://www.harvard.edu/about-harvard/harvard-glance/honors/pulitzer-prize-winners |archive-date=September 5, 2015 |access-date=February 2, 2018 |website=Harvard University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://entrepreneurship.hbs.edu/founders/Pages/companies.aspx|title=Companies – Entrepreneurship – Harvard Business School|website=entrepreneurship.hbs.edu|access-date=March 28, 2019|archive-date=March 28, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328152958/https://entrepreneurship.hbs.edu/founders/Pages/companies.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref>

<gallery class="center" classes="center" mode="nolines" caption="Notable Harvard alumni include:">
File:US Navy 031029-N-6236G-001 A painting of President John Adams (1735-1826), 2nd president of the United States, by Asher B. Durand (1767-1845)-crop.jpg|2nd President of the United States [[John Adams]] (AB, 1755; AM, 1758)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Barzilay |first1=Karen N. |title=The Education of John Adams |url=https://www.masshist.org/object-of-the-month/objects/the-education-of-john-adams-2007-06-01 |publisher=Massachusetts Historical Society |access-date=20 September 2020 |archive-date=July 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210726202845/https://www.masshist.org/object-of-the-month/objects/the-education-of-john-adams-2007-06-01 |url-status=live }}</ref>
File:John Quincy Adams.jpg|6th President of the United States [[John Quincy Adams]] (AB, 1787; AM, 1790)<ref>{{cite web |title=John Quincy Adams |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/john-quincy-adams/ |publisher=The White House |access-date=21 September 2020 |archive-date=October 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005104815/https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/john-quincy-adams/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Hogan |first1=Margaret A. |title=John Quincy Adams: Life Before the Presidency |date=October 4, 2016 |url=https://millercenter.org/president/jqadams/life-before-the-presidency |publisher=Miller Center |access-date=21 September 2020 |archive-date=August 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210812123606/https://millercenter.org/president/jqadams/life-before-the-presidency |url-status=live }}</ref>
File:Ralph Waldo Emerson ca1857 retouched.jpg|Essayist, lecturer, philosopher, and poet [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]] (AB, 1821)
File:Benjamin D. Maxham - Henry David Thoreau - Restored - greyscale - straightened.jpg|Naturalist, essayist, poet, and philosopher [[Henry David Thoreau]] (AB, 1837)
File:President Rutherford Hayes 1870 - 1880.jpg|19th President of the United States [[Rutherford B. Hayes]] (LLB, 1845)<ref>{{cite web |title=HLS's first alumnus elected as President—Rutherford B. Hayes |url=https://today.law.harvard.edu/hlss-first-alumnus-elected-as-president-rutherford-b-hayes/ |publisher=Harvard Law Today |access-date=21 September 2020 |archive-date=April 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414135644/https://today.law.harvard.edu/hlss-first-alumnus-elected-as-president-rutherford-b-hayes/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
File:Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr circa 1930-edit.jpg|Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States [[Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.]] (AB, 1861, LLB)
File:Charles Sanders Peirce.jpg|Philosopher, logician, and mathematician [[Charles Sanders Peirce]] (AB, 1862, SB 1863)
File:President Theodore Roosevelt, 1904.jpg|26th President of the United States and Nobel Peace Prize laureate [[Theodore Roosevelt]] (AB, 1880)<ref>{{cite web |title=Theodore Roosevelt - Biographical |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1906/roosevelt/biographical/ |publisher=Nobel Foundation |access-date=21 September 2020 |archive-date=September 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210905033556/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1906/roosevelt/biographical/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
File:WEB DuBois 1918.jpg|Sociologist and civil rights activist<br />[[W. E. B. Du Bois]] (PhD, 1895)
File:Robert Frost NYWTS 4.jpg|Poet [[Robert Frost]] (no degree)
File:FRoosevelt.png|32nd President of the United States [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] (AB, 1903)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Leuchtenburg |first1=William E. |title=Franklin D. Roosevelt: Life Before the Presidency |date=October 4, 2016 |url=https://millercenter.org/president/fdroosevelt/life-before-the-presidency |publisher=Miller Center |access-date=21 September 2020 |archive-date=August 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813025557/https://millercenter.org/president/fdroosevelt/life-before-the-presidency |url-status=live }}</ref>
File:Helen Keller circa 1920 - restored.jpg|Author, political activist, and lecturer [[Helen Keller]] (AB, 1904, Radcliffe College)
File:Thomas Stearns Eliot by Lady Ottoline Morrell (1934).jpg|Poet and Nobel laureate in literature [[T. S. Eliot]] (AB, 1909; AM, 1910)
File:JROppenheimer-LosAlamos.jpg|Physicist and leader of the [[Manhattan Project]] [[J. Robert Oppenheimer]] (AB, 1925)
File:Paul Samuelson.jpg|Economist and Nobel laureate in economics recipient [[Paul Samuelson]] (AM, 1936; PhD, 1941)
File:Leonard Bernstein by Jack Mitchell.jpg|Musician and composer [[Leonard Bernstein]] (AB, 1939)
File:John F. Kennedy, White House color photo portrait.jpg|35th President of the United States [[John F. Kennedy]] (AB, 1940)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Selverstone |first1=Marc J. |title=John F. Kennedy: Life Before the Presidency |date=October 4, 2016 |url=https://millercenter.org/president/kennedy/life-before-the-presidency |publisher=Miller Center |access-date=21 September 2020 |archive-date=August 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210812190501/https://millercenter.org/president/kennedy/life-before-the-presidency |url-status=live }}</ref>
File: Pierre Trudeau (1975).jpg|15th prime minister of Canada [[Pierre Trudeau]] (MA, 1947)
File:Mary Robinson (2014).jpg|7th President of Ireland and United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights [[Mary Robinson]] (LLM, 1968)
File:Al Gore, Vice President of the United States, official portrait 1994.jpg|45th Vice President of the United States and Nobel Peace Prize laureate [[Al Gore]] (AB, 1969)
File:Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, April 2010.jpg|24th President of Liberia and Nobel Peace Prize laureate [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] (MPA, 1971)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2011/johnson_sirleaf-bio.html|title=Ellen Johnson Sirleaf - Biographical|website=www.nobelprize.org|access-date=October 14, 2020|archive-date=July 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724032807/https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2011/johnson_sirleaf-bio.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
File:Benazir Bhutto.jpg|11th and 13th Prime Minister of Pakistan [[Benazir Bhutto]] (AB, 1973, Radcliffe College)
File:Ben Bernanke official portrait.jpg|14th Chair of the Federal Reserve and Nobel laureate in economics [[Ben Bernanke]] (AB, 1975; AM, 1975)
File:George-W-Bush.jpeg|43rd President of the United States [[George W. Bush]] (MBA, 1975)<ref>{{cite web |last1=L. Gregg II |first1=Gary |title=George W. Bush: Life Before the Presidency |date=October 4, 2016 |url=https://millercenter.org/president/gwbush/life-before-the-presidency |publisher=Miller Center |access-date=21 September 2020 |archive-date=August 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210812225623/https://millercenter.org/president/gwbush/life-before-the-presidency |url-status=live }}</ref>
File:Official roberts CJ.jpg|17th Chief Justice of the United States [[John Roberts]] (AB, 1976; JD, 1979)
File:Bill Gates June 2015.jpg|Microsoft founder and philanthropist [[Bill Gates]] (College, 1977;<ref group="a" name="nodegree">Nominal Harvard College class year: did not graduate</ref> LLD&nbsp;[[Honorary degree|hc]], 2007)
File:Ban Ki-Moon Davos 2011 Cropped.jpg|8th Secretary-General of the United Nations [[Ban Ki-moon]] (MPA, 1984)
File:Professor Jennifer Doudna ForMemRS.jpg|Biochemist and Nobel laureate in chemistry [[Jennifer Doudna]] (PhD, 1989)<ref>{{cite web|title=Press release: The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2020/press-release/|website=nobelprize.org|publisher=Nobel Foundation|access-date=October 14, 2020|archive-date=October 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008001709/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2020/press-release/|url-status=live}}</ref>
File:President Barack Obama.jpg|44th President of the United States and Nobel Peace Prize laureate [[Barack Obama]] (JD, 1991)<ref>{{cite web |title=Barack Obama: Life Before the Presidency |date=October 4, 2016 |url=https://millercenter.org/president/obama/life-before-the-presidency |publisher=Miller Center |access-date=21 September 2020 |archive-date=August 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210812142731/https://millercenter.org/president/obama/life-before-the-presidency |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Barack H. Obama - Biographical |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2009/obama/biographical/ |publisher=Nobel Foundation |access-date=21 September 2020 |archive-date=April 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414110039/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2009/obama/biographical/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
File:Mark Zuckerberg F8 2019 Keynote (32830578717) (cropped).jpg|Founder of Facebook [[Mark Zuckerberg]] (College, 2004;<ref name="nodegree" group="a" /> LLD&nbsp;[[Honorary degree|hc]], 2017)
</gallery>
{{reflist|group=a}}