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== Demographics == {{main|Demographics of the Democratic Party (United States)}} {{multiple image | direction = vertical | total_width = 300 | image1 = 2020 Presidential Election by County.svg | alt1 = [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 presidential election]] by county | image2 = 2020 Census - Majority-Black Counties in the United States.png | alt2 = Majority-Black Counties in the U.S. as of the [[2020 United States Census]] | footer = {{center|'''Top to bottom:'''}} [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 presidential election]] by county; Majority-Black Counties in the U.S. as of the [[2020 United States Census]] }} In the [[2024 United States presidential election|2024 presidential election]], the party performed best among voters who were [[Affluence in the United States|upper income]],<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last1=Suss |first1=Joel |last2=Xiao |first2=Eva |last3=Burn-Murdoch |first3=John |last4=Murray |first4=Clara |last5=Vincent |first5=Jonathan |date=2024-11-09 |title=Poorer voters flocked to Trump — and other data points from the election |url=https://www.ft.com/content/6de668c7-64e9-4196-b2c5-9ceca966fe3f |access-date=2024-11-12 |work=Financial Times |quote=In contrast to 2020, the majority of lower-income households or those earning less than $50,000 a year voted for Trump this election. Conversely, those making more than $100,000 voted for Harris, according to exit polls.}}</ref><ref name="Lost Their"/><ref name="Too Rich">{{Cite web|url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2021/09/is-america-too-rich-for-class-politics.html|title=Is America Too Rich for Class Politics?|access-date=December 2, 2024|website=New York Magazine|date=September 29, 2021|first1=Eric|last1=Levitz}}</ref> lived in [[Urban–rural political divide|urban areas]],<ref name="McGreal" /><ref name="cities" /> [[educational attainment in the United States|college graduates]],<ref name="Polarization by education" /><ref name="Polarized by Degrees" /><ref name="nymag.com" /><ref name="nytimes.com" /> identified as [[Atheism|Atheist]], [[Agnosticism|Agnostic]], or [[American Jews|Jewish]]; [[African Americans]],<ref name="Blacks and the Democratic Party" /><ref name="Bositis" /> [[LGBT|LGBT+]], and [[Marital status|unmarried]].<ref name="Activists and Partisan Realignment" /><ref name="Grossmann-2021" /><ref name="pewresearch.org" /> In particular, [[Kamala Harris]]' two strongest demographic groups in the 2024 presidential election were African Americans (86-13%) and LGBT voters (86-12%).<ref name="2024 Exit poll"/> Support for the [[civil rights movement]] in the 1960s by Democratic presidents [[John F. Kennedy]] and [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] helped increase the Democrats' support within the African American community. African Americans have consistently voted between 85% and 95% Democratic since the 1960s, making African Americans one of the largest of the party's constituencies.<ref name="Blacks and the Democratic Party"/><ref name="Bositis"/> According to the [[Pew Research Center]], 78.4% of Democrats in the 116th United States Congress were Christian.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 3, 2019 |title=Faith on the Hill: The religious composition of the 116th Congress |url=https://www.pewforum.org/2019/01/03/faith-on-the-hill-116/ |access-date=May 18, 2020 |work=Pew Research Center |archive-date=February 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210218040423/https://www.pewforum.org/2019/01/03/faith-on-the-hill-116/ |url-status=live }}</ref> However, the vast majority of white evangelical and [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|Latter-day Saint]] Christians favor the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=November 3, 2020|title=National Exit Polls: How Different Groups Voted|language=en-US|last1=Andre|first1=Michael|display-authors=et al|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/11/03/us/elections/exit-polls-president.html|access-date=December 5, 2020|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=November 10, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201110220846/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/11/03/us/elections/exit-polls-president.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The party also receives strong support from [[Irreligion|non-religious]] voters.<ref>{{cite news |date=January 22, 2009 |title=An inaugural first: Obama acknowledges 'non-believers' |work=USA Today |url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2009-01-20-obama-non-believers_N.htm |access-date=August 22, 2017 |archive-date=April 1, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100401094239/http://www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2009-01-20-obama-non-believers_N.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2024/04/09/party-identification-among-religious-groups-and-religiously-unaffiliated-voters/|title=Party identification among religious groups and religiously unaffiliated voters|date=April 9, 2024|access-date=May 27, 2024|website=Pew Research Center}}</ref> Younger Americans have tended to vote mainly for Democratic candidates in recent years, particularly those under the age of 30.<ref name="trends">{{cite web|date=April 9, 2024|title=4. Age, generational cohorts and party identification|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2024/04/09/age-generational-cohorts-and-party-identification/|publisher=Pew Research Center|language=en-US|access-date=August 3, 2024|archive-date=August 3, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240803141125/https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2024/04/09/age-generational-cohorts-and-party-identification/|url-status=live}}</ref> Since 1980, a "gender gap" has seen stronger support for the Democratic Party among women than among men. Unmarried and divorced women are more likely to vote for Democrats.<ref name=wvwv2004>[http://www.wvwv.org/docs/WVWV_2004_post-election_memo.pdf "Unmarried Women in the 2004 Presidential Election"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101195440/http://www.wvwv.org/docs/WVWV_2004_post-election_memo.pdf|date=January 1, 2016}} ([[PDF]]). Report by Greenberg Quinlan Rosner Research, January 2005. p. 3: "The marriage gap is one of the most important cleavages in electoral politics. Unmarried women voted for Kerry by a 25-point margin (62 to 37 percent), while married women voted for President Bush by an 11-point margin (55 percent to 44 percent). Indeed, the 25-point margin Kerry posted among unmarried women represented one of the high water marks for the Senator among all demographic groups."</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21591624-republicans-should-worry-unmarried-women-shun-them-marriage-gap?fsrc=scn/tw/te/pe/themarriagegap|title=Republicans should worry that unmarried women shun them|date=December 14, 2013|newspaper=[[The Economist]]|access-date=September 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115185951/https://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21591624-republicans-should-worry-unmarried-women-shun-them-marriage-gap?fsrc=scn%2Ftw%2Fte%2Fpe%2Fthemarriagegap|archive-date=January 15, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Although women supported Obama over [[Mitt Romney]] by a margin of 55–44% in 2012, Romney prevailed amongst married women, 53–46%.<ref name="Marriage Gap">{{cite news|date=December 3, 2012|title=The Marriage Gap in the Women's Vote|first=Meg T.|last=McDonnell|url=http://www.crisismagazine.com/2012/the-marriage-gap-in-the-womens-vote|work=Crisis Magazine|access-date=December 11, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031034237/http://www.crisismagazine.com/2012/the-marriage-gap-in-the-womens-vote|archive-date=October 31, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Obama won unmarried women 67–31%.<ref>{{cite news|first=Suzanne|last=Goldenberg|date=November 9, 2012|title=Single women voted overwhelmingly in favour of Obama, researchers find|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/nov/09/single-women-voted-favour-obama|access-date=December 11, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231035001/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/nov/09/single-women-voted-favour-obama|archive-date=December 31, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> According to a December 2019 study, "White women are the only group of female voters who support Republican Party candidates for president. They have done so by a majority in all but 2 of the last 18 elections".<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Junn|first1=Jane|author-link1=Jane Junn|last2=Masuoka|first2=Natalie|date=2020|title=The Gender Gap Is a Race Gap: Women Voters in US Presidential Elections|journal=Perspectives on Politics|volume=18|issue=4|pages=1135–1145|doi=10.1017/S1537592719003876|issn=1537-5927|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/11/white-women-support-gop/507617/|title=White Female Voters Continue to Support the Republican Party|website=[[The Atlantic]]|date=November 14, 2016|access-date=January 30, 2021|archive-date=December 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215024943/https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/11/white-women-support-gop/507617/|url-status=live}}</ref> === Region === {{See also|Solid South}} [[File:White voters.jpg|thumb|300px|White vote in the [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 presidential election]] by state.<ref name="White Voters"/><ref name="Cohn-2014"/>]] [[File:Hispanic and Latino Americans by state.svg|thumb|300px|Proportion of Americans who are Hispanic or Latino in each U.S. state, [[District of Columbia|DC]], and Puerto Rico as of the 2020 United States Census]] Geographically, the party is strongest in the [[Northeastern United States]], parts of the [[Great Lakes region]] and [[Southwestern United States]], and the [[West Coast of the United States|West Coast]]. The party is also very strong in [[List of United States cities by population|major cities]], regardless of region.<ref name="cities"/> The Democratic Party gradually lost its power in the [[Southern United States]] since [[1964 United States presidential election|1964]]. Although [[Richard Nixon]] carried 49 states in [[1972 United States presidential election|1972]], including every Southern state, the Republican Party remained quite weak at the local and state levels across the entire South for decades. Republicans first won a majority of U.S. House seats in the South in the [[1994 United States elections|1994]] "[[Republican Revolution]]", and only began to dominate the South after the [[2010 United States elections|2010 elections]].<ref name="The long goodbye">{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/united-states/2010/11/11/the-long-goodbye|date=November 11, 2010|newspaper=The Economist|title=The long goodbye|quote=In 1981 Republicans took control of the Senate for the first time since 1953, but most Southern elected officials remained white Democrats. When Republicans took control of the House in 1995, white Democrats still comprised one-third of the South's tally. ... white Southern Democrats have met their Appomattox: they will account for just 24 of the South's 155 senators and congressmen in the 112th United States Congress.|access-date=February 20, 2023}}</ref> Since the 2010s, [[White Southerners]] are the Republican Party's strongest racial demographic, in some [[Deep South]] states voting nearly as Republican as African Americans vote Democratic.<ref name="Cohn-2014"/> This is partially attributable to religiosity, with White [[evangelical Christianity|evangelical Christians]] in the [[Bible Belt]], which covers most of the South, being the Republican party's strongest religious demographic.<ref name="White Voters">{{Cite web|url=https://split-ticket.org/2023/03/24/where-do-democrats-win-white-voters/|title=Where Do Democrats Win White Voters?|date=March 24, 2023|access-date=January 13, 2025|website=Split Ticket|first1=Lakshya|last1=Jain|first2=Harrison|last2=Lavelle|first3=Armin|last3=Thomas}}</ref> The Democratic Party is particularly strong in the West Coast and Northeastern United States. In particular, the Democratic Party receives its strongest support from White voters in these two regions. This is attributable to the two regions having the highest educational attainment in the country and being part of the "[[Unchurched Belt]]," with the lowest rates of religiosity in the country.<ref name="White Voters"/> The Democratic Party's support in the [[Midwestern United States|Midwest]] and [[Southwestern United States|Southwest]] are more mixed, with varying levels of support from White voters in both regions. In the Midwest, the Democratic Party receives varying levels of support, with some states safely Democratic, some [[swing states|swing states]], and some safely Republican. In the Southwest, the Democratic Party also relies on [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic]] voters. As of 2025, Democrats control both Senate seats in the Southwestern states of New Mexico, Nevada, Arizona, and California.<ref name="The New West">{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2023-06-16/columnist-mark-z-barabak-the-new-west|title=A series on political shifts in the West|first1=Mark Z.|website=Los Angeles Times|last1=Barabak|date=November 2023 |access-date=June 4, 2024}}</ref> The Democratic Party is particularly weak in the [[Great Plains]] and some [[Mountain states]]. In particular, the states of [[Idaho]], [[Utah]], [[Wyoming]], [[North Dakota]], [[South Dakota]], [[Nebraska]],{{efn|Three Democrats ([[Barack Obama]] in 2008, [[Joe Biden]] in 2020, and [[Kamala Harris]] in 2024) have since won an electoral vote from [[Nebraska's 2nd congressional district|Nebraska's 2nd Congressional District]], but Johnson remains the last Democrat to carry the state as a whole.}} [[Kansas]], and [[Oklahoma]] have not voted for the Democratic Party since the [[1964 United States presidential election|1964 presidential election]]. [[Montana]] has not voted for the Democratic Party since the [[1992 United States presidential election|1992 presidential election]].<ref name="how">Sullivan, Robert David; [http://www.americamagazine.org/content/unconventional-wisdom/how-red-and-blue-map-evolved-over-past-century ‘How the Red and Blue Map Evolved Over the Past Century’]; ''America Magazine'' in ''The National Catholic Review''; June 29, 2016</ref> === Income === The victory of Republican [[Donald Trump]] in 2016 brought about a realignment in which many [[Educational attainment in the United States|voters without college degrees]], also referred to as "[[working class in the United States|working class]]" voters by many sources, voted Republican.<ref name="Nate Silver">{{Cite web|url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/education-not-income-predicted-who-would-vote-for-trump/|title=Education, Not Income, Predicted Who Would Vote For Trump|date=November 22, 2016|website=FiveThirtyEight|first1=Nate|last1=Silver}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/11/04/new-republican-party-working-class-coalition-00122822|title=The Emerging Working-Class Republican Majority|first=Patrick|last=Ruffini|date=November 4, 2023|website=POLITICO|access-date=December 26, 2023|archive-date=November 14, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114142644/https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/11/04/new-republican-party-working-class-coalition-00122822|url-status=live}}</ref> Until 2016, white voters with college degrees were a Republican-leaning group.<ref name="Polarization by education"/> From 1976 to 2012, lower income was strongly correlated to voting for the Democratic Party among the general electorate. However, in all three of Trump's elections in 2016, 2020, and 2024, the previous correlation between lower incomes and voting for the Democratic Party was largely eliminated.<ref name="culture trumps economic class">{{Cite web |title=How culture trumps economic class as the new political fault line|date=March 28, 2024|website=Silver Bulletin|access-date=January 13, 2025|first1=Nate|last1=Silver|url=https://www.natesilver.net/p/how-culture-trumps-economic-class}}</ref> For White voters, instead higher educational attainment was strongly correlated with higher support for the Democratic Party.<ref name="Harry Enten"/> In the 2024 presidential election, Democratic nominee [[Kamala Harris]] did better among higher-income voters than lower-income voters for the first time ever in modern American political history.<ref name=":0"/><ref name="Lost Their"/><ref name="Too Rich">{{Cite web|url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2021/09/is-america-too-rich-for-class-politics.html|title=Is America Too Rich for Class Politics?|access-date=December 2, 2024|website=New York Magazine|date=September 29, 2021|first1=Eric|last1=Levitz}}</ref> Two causes of this are higher educational attainment being strongly correlated to higher income, and the [[2021-2023 inflation surge]], because lower-income voters lose [[Purchasing power|purchasing power]] while higher-income voters gain from [[financial asset|asset prices]] increasing due to inflation, including [[Stock|stocks]] and [[real estate]].<ref name="Economy Sucks">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/b0a60325-4c93-49a0-8dc6-817f0d8281fc|title=This was an election on the US economy. And for many Americans, the economy sucks|date=November 8, 2024|website=The Financial Times|access-date=November 8, 2024|first1=Tej|last1=Parikh}}</ref> === Education === {{multiple image | direction = vertical | total_width = 350 | image1 = College white vote by state.jpg | alt1 = College White vote in the 2020 presidential election by state | image2 = Non-College White vote by state.jpg | alt2 = Non-college White vote in the 2020 presidential election by state | footer = {{center|'''Top and bottom:''' College White vote and Non-college White vote in the [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 presidential election]] by state.<ref name="White Vote and Educational Polarization">{{Cite web|url=https://split-ticket.org/2022/01/03/the-white-vote-and-educational-polarization/|title=The White Vote and Educational Polarization|first1=Lakshya|last1=Jain|date=January 3, 2022|access-date=January 4, 2025|website=Split Ticket}}</ref>}} }} In the 2020 presidential election, college-educated White voters in all 50 states voted more Democratic than non-college White voters, as displayed in the two maps. After controlling for education, there still remain huge variations by state and region. White voters with college degrees remain strongly Republican in the Southern United States.<ref name="White Vote and Educational Polarization"/> Of the 19 states and the District of Columbia won by Kamala Harris in the 2024 presidential election, all except [[New Mexico]] had above-average educational attainment.<ref name = "CensusData">{{cite web |title=EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=S1501&g=0100000US%240400000&tid=ACSST1Y2021.S1501&moe=false&tp=false |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=18 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220919003628/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=S1501&g=0100000US%240400000&tid=ACSST1Y2021.S1501&moe=false&tp=false |archive-date=19 September 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vox.com/politics/390108/working-class-definition-voters-2024|title=What does "working class" even mean?|quote=The criticism that Democrats left America’s working class behind surged after the 2024 election. Here’s why the term is so hard to define — and why that maters.|website=Vox|date=December 9, 2024|access-date=December 9, 2024}}</ref> Harris also became the first Democratic presidential nominee to receive more support from high-income Americans than low-income Americans, because higher educational attainment is strongly correlated with higher income.<ref name=":0"/> By education, Harris lost voters with [[High school in the United States|High school or less]] 36-62%, some college education 47-51%, and an [[Associate degree]] 41-57%. Harris won voters with a Bachelor's degree 53-45% and voters with a [[Postgraduate education|graduate degree]] 59-38%.<ref name="2024 Exit poll">{{cite news|date=November 6, 2024|title=Exit poll results 2024|url=https://www.cnn.com/election/2024/exit-polls/national-results/general/president/0|access-date=November 6, 2024|publisher=CNN}}</ref> According to a Gallup poll in November 2024, unionization rates were positively correlated to increased educational attainment and higher income. In particular, 15% of those with graduate degrees, 8% with bachelor's degrees, 9% with some college, and 5% with high school or less were unionized. Also, 11% of those with household incomes of $100,000 or more, 7% of those with $40,000 to $99,999, and 3% with less than $40,000 were unionized. Also only 6% of those in the private sector were unionized, compared to 28% of government employees.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.gallup.com/poll/265958/percentage-workers-union-members.aspx#:~:text=The%20more%20educated%20an%20employee,likely%20to%20be%20union%20members.|title=What Percentage of U.S. Workers Belong to a Labor Union?|date=November 20, 2024|website=Gallup|access-date=December 13, 2024}}</ref> Many Democrats without college degrees differ from liberals in their more socially moderate views, and are more likely to belong to an ethnic minority.<ref name="dropouts">{{Cite web|url=https://www.vox.com/2014/9/24/6840037/white-high-school-dropouts-have-more-wealth-than-black-and-hispanic|title=White high school dropouts are wealthier than Black or Latino college graduates|first1=Danielle|last1=Kurtzleben|date=September 24, 2014|website=Vox}}</ref><ref name="different worlds">{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/12/politics/republicans-democrats-different-worlds/index.html|title=Republicans and Democrats increasingly really do occupy different worlds|last=Brownstein|first=Ronald|work=CNN|access-date=October 24, 2018|archive-date=October 24, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181024113248/https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/12/politics/republicans-democrats-different-worlds/index.html|url-status=live|quote=On the one hand, non-college whites almost always expressed more conservative views than did either non-whites or whites with a college degree living in the same kind of geographic area.}}</ref><ref name="Teixeira-2022">{{Cite web |last=Teixeira |first=Ruy |author-link=Ruy Teixeira |date=November 6, 2022 |title=Democrats' Long Goodbye to the Working Class |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2022/11/democrats-long-goodbye-to-the-working-class/672016/ |access-date=November 8, 2022 |website=[[The Atlantic]] |language=en |quote=As we move into the endgame of the 2022 election, the Democrats face a familiar problem. America's historical party of the working class keeps losing working-class support. And not just among White voters. Not only has the emerging Democratic majority I once predicted failed to materialize, but many of the non-White voters who were supposed to deliver it are instead voting for Republicans... From 2012 to 2020, the Democrats not only saw their support among White working-class voters — those without college degrees — crater, they also saw their advantage among non-White working-class voters fall by 18 points. And between 2016 and 2020 alone, the Democratic advantage among Hispanic voters declined by 16 points, overwhelmingly driven by the defection of working-class voters. In contrast, Democrats' advantage among White college-educated voters improved by 16 points from 2012 to 2020, an edge that delivered Joe Biden the White House. |archive-date=January 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230107212010/https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2022/11/democrats-long-goodbye-to-the-working-class/672016/ |url-status=live }}</ref> White voters with college degrees are more likely to live in urban areas.<ref name="different worlds"/> In the [[2020 United States presidential election]], Joe Biden won white voters with a college degree 51-48%, while winning college graduates as a whole 55-43%. Biden became the first Democratic president to win a majority of white voters with college degrees since 1964.<ref>{{Cite news|title=National Results 2020 President exit polls.|url=https://www.cnn.com/election/2020/exit-polls/president/national-results|access-date=2020-12-04|work=[[CNN]]|language=en}}</ref><ref name="nymag.com"/><ref name="nytimes.com"/> In the [[2024 United States presidential election]], Kamala Harris won white voters with college degrees 52-45%, becoming the first Democratic presidential nominee to lose a presidential election despite winning a majority of white voters with college degrees.<ref name="Lost Their">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/25/upshot/democrats-trump-working-class.html|title=How Democrats Lost Their Base and their Message|quote=Donald Trump's populist pitch bumped Democrats off their traditional place in American politics.|website=The New York Times|first1=Nate|last1=Cohn|date=November 25, 2024|access-date=November 25, 2024}}</ref> The Democratic Party has steadily increased the percentage of votes it receives from voters with college degrees since the 1970s, while the [[educational attainment in the United States|educational attainment]] of the United States has steadily increased.<ref name="Polarized by Degrees"/><ref name="Nate Silver"/> Voters with college degrees as a whole were a Republican-voting group until the 1990s. Despite winning in a landslide 61-39% in [[1964 United States presidential election|1964]], Democratic president [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] only narrowly won a majority of voters with college degrees 52-48%.<ref>{{cite news |title=Election Polls -- Vote by Groups, 1960-1964 |url=http://www.gallup.com/poll/9454/Election-Polls-Vote-Groups-19601964.aspx |website=[[Gallup (company)|Gallup]] |access-date=June 30, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726155334/http://www.gallup.com/poll/9454/Election-Polls-Vote-Groups-19601964.aspx |archive-date=July 26, 2011}}</ref> In [[1976 United States presidential election|1976]], Democrat [[Jimmy Carter]] narrowly won while losing voters with college degrees 43-55%.<ref name="1976 Presidential Election Data">{{cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/data.php?year=1976&datatype=national&def=1&f=0&off=0&elect=0|title=1976 Presidential General Election Data - National|access-date=March 18, 2013|archive-date=August 14, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814021625/https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/data.php?year=1976&datatype=national&def=1&f=0&off=0&elect=0|url-status=live}}</ref>
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